Science Directions Workbook: 1.5 Demonstrate Understanding of Aspects of Acids and Bases

Science Directions Workbook NCEA Level 1 provides homework, content coverage and practical work for NCEA Achievement Standard 1.5 Demonstrate Understanding of Aspects of Acids and Bases.

This full colour workbook contains one Achievement Standard.

On the purchase of a class set of any of the new Science Directions Workbooks, we will provide a FREE Teacher’s Resource CD, containing:
• Relevant power points for each achievement standard
• Quizzes
• Flash movies
• Answer files – these will also be on the Pearson website

Click here to view Sample Pages online

Contents and Objectives

A - Matter
Define the terms element, compound and mixture in terms of the particles they contain. Write a word equation for a given reaction. Recognise what is required for a balanced equation.

B - Inside atoms
Recall the structure of atoms in terms of a central nucleus containing protons and neutrons and surrounded by electrons.
Recall that almost all the mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus. Define the terms atomic number, mass number and isotope.

C - Atoms and ions
Explain why atoms are neutral, define the term ion and explain why ions are charged particles. Relate the atomic number of an element to its position on the periodic table. Predict the electron arrangement of an atom from its position on the periodic table for any of the first 20 elements.

D - Forming ions
Use the electron structure of an atom to predict the charge on the ion it will form (if any).

E - Ionic formulas
Explain in simple terms what an ionic bond is. Name ions and ionic compounds from their formulas.
Explain why ions combine in the ratios they do in ionic formulas. Write the formula for a given ionic compound given a table of ions. Count atoms in a given chemical formula.

F - Acids and bases
Recall the characteristic properties of acids and bases including concentration of H+ and/or OH– . Recall the names and formulas for hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Recall the colour changes of litmus or universal indicator in acidic, basic and neutral solutions.
Use the pH scale to indicate degree of acidity or basicity. State that food acids release fewer hydrogen ions in solution than laboratory acids, and relate this to the pH of the solutions formed when different acids dissolve in water.
State that when hydroxides dissolve in water they release hydroxide ions which make the solution basic.
Identify metal oxides, carbonates and hydrogen carbonates as substances that react with water to form basic solutions.
Explain why some metal oxides form solutions of high pH and others form solutions of only moderate pH.

G - Neutralisation
Discuss changes in pH or indicator colour during neutralisation reactions.
Name the salts formed by hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acids.
Write word and balanced formula equations for reactions between acids and metal hydroxides, oxides, carbonates or hydrogen carbonates.
Describe the visible effect of adding acid to a carbonate or hydrogen carbonate.
Describe the limewater test for carbon dioxide and write balanced equations for the two reactions that occur during this test. Complete word or formula equations for making specific salts.

H - Applications
Apply an understanding of pH and neutralisation reactions to situations in everyday life.

I - Rates of reaction
Summarise the principles of particle theory.
State that as the size of the pieces decreases, the total surface area increases. Describe what would be observed in a controlled investigation into how the size of the pieces affects reaction rate. Describe what would be observed in a controlled investigation into how concentration affects reaction rate. Describe what would be observed in a controlled investigation into how temperature affects reaction rate. Apply particle theory to explain the effect of temperature on reaction rate. Describe test tube observations of reaction rate with time.